The perforator flap of ipsilateral nasolabial sulcus used to repair the defect after the eradication of nasal vestibular squamous cell carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of only surgical resection for nasal vestibular squamous cell carcinoma and the efficacy of perforator flap of ipsilateral nasolabial sulcus in repairing postoperative defects. Methods: The clinical data of 8 cases with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal vestibule who admitted to Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University were analyzed, including 6 males and 2 females, aged from 38 to 75 years. The tumor of the nasal vestibule was eradicated in time after making definite diagnosis of lesions, then the perforators flap of the ipsilateral nasolabial sulcus was used for repairment, without performing further chemotherapy or radiotherapy after surgery. The tumor recurrence, facial appearance, nostril form, donor area scar, nasal ventilation function, and cutaneous sensation were evaluated after surgery. Descriptive analysis was used in this research. Results: There were 2 cases of stage T1 and 6 cases of stage T2 in 8 cases. After 32 to 45 months of following-up, no recurrence accurred and all the flaps survived well. However, there was about 2 mm necrosis of the transplanted flap in the lateral foot of the alar in one case, which was healed well by carrying out wound care after 10 d. And the dark color flap was occurred in another case, showing the flap's backflow trouble, yet it was improved with addressing timely during 5 d postoperation. Pincusion-like deformity of the transplanted flap occurred in 4 cases (50%), which subsided gradually after 6 months. The morphology of the anterior nostril was altered in 4 cases (50%), but there was no ventilation trouble and no need for addressment in any case. The postoperative facial appearance was rated as excellentor good with hidden scar in the donor site, and the sensation of the transplanted flaps was indistinct from the surrounding tissue after 3 months. Conclusions: Surgical resection of nasal vestibular squamous cell carcinoma with tumor stage T1-2 is a feasible treatment. And it is the one of the best reconstructive methods of the perforator flap of the ipsilateral nasolabial sulcus to repair the deformities after the surgery.

Application of supraclavicular fasciocutaneous island flap for reconstruction after removal of tumors in parotid and auricle area / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of supraclavicular fasciocutaneous island flap (SIF) for repairing the defect of parotid or auricle regions after tumor resection. Methods: From February 2019 to June 2021, 12 patients (11 males and 1 female, aged 54-77 years old), of whom 4 with parotid adenoid cystic carcinoma and 8 with auricular basal cell carcinoma underwent reconstruction surgery for postoperative defects in the parotid gland area and auricular area with SIF in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Size of the SIF, time for harvesting SIF, neck lymph node dissection and postoperative complications were recorded. Results: The flap areas were (6-9) cm × (8-13) cm, and the harvesting time for SIF ranged from 40 to 80 min, averaging 51.7 min. The donor sites were directly closed. All patients underwent ipsilateral levels Ⅰ-Ⅲ neck dissection, with 4 cases undergoing additional level Ⅳ neck dissection and 2 cases undergoing level Ⅳ-Ⅴ neck dissection. Of the 12 SIF, 10 were completely survival and 2 had flap arterial crisis with partial flap necrosis, in addition, 1 had donor site wound dehiscence. With follow-up of 10-42 months, there were no tumor recurrences in 10 patients, 1 patient was lost to follow-up at 10 months postoperatively, and 1 patient experienced local tumor recurrence at 11 months after surgery and died 15 months later. Conclusion: SIF is an easily harvested flap with good skin features matching the skin in parotid and auricle regions and less damage to donor site, and this flap has no need for microvascular anastomosis technique. SIF is feasible and effective for repairing defects in parotid and auricle area.

Research progress of allogeneic abdominal wall transplantation / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the research progress of surgical technique and immunosuppressive regimen of abdominal wall vascularized composite allograft transplantation in animals and clinical practice.@*METHODS@#The literature on abdominal wall transplantation at home and abroad in recent years was extensively reviewed and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#This review includes animal and clinical studies. In animal studies, partial or total full-thickness abdominal wall transplantation models have been successfully established by researchers. Also, the use of thoracolumbar nerves has been described as an important method for functional reconstruction and prevention of long-term muscle atrophy in allogeneic abdominal wall transplantation. In clinical studies, researchers have utilized four revascularization techniques to perform abdominal wall transplantation, which has a high survival rate and a low incidence of complications.@*CONCLUSION@#Abdominal wall allotransplantation is a critical reconstructive option for the difficulty closure of complex abdominal wall defects. Realizing the recanalization of the nerve in transplanted abdominal wall to the recipient is very important for the functional recovery of the allograft. The developments of similar research are beneficial for the progress of abdominal wall allotransplantation.

Clinical application of neurovascular staghorn flap for repairing of defects in fingertips / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effectiveness of neurovascular staghorn flap for repairing defects in fingertips.@*METHODS@#Between August 2019 and October 2021, a total of 15 fingertips defects were repaired with neurovascular staghorn flap. There were 8 males and 7 females with an average age of 44 years (range, 28-65 years). The causes of injury included 8 cases of machine crush injury, 4 cases of heavy object crush injury, and 3 cases of cutting injury. There were 1 case of thumb, 5 cases of index finger, 6 cases of middle finger, 2 cases of ring finger, and 1 case of little finger. There were 12 cases in emergency, and 3 cases with finger tip necrosis after trauma suture. Bone and tendon exposed in all cases. The range of fingertip defect was 1.2 cm×0.8 cm to 1.8 cm×1.5 cm, and the range of skin flap was 2.0 cm×1.5 cm to 2.5 cm×2.0 cm. The donor site was sutured directly.@*RESULTS@#All flaps survived without infection or necrosis, and the incisions healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 6-12 months, with an average of 10 months. At last follow-up, the appearance of the flap was satisfactory, the wear resistance was good, the color was similar to the skin of the finger pulp, and there was no swelling; the two-point discrimination of the flap was 3-5 mm. One patient had linear scar contracture on the palmar side with slight limitation of flexion and extension, which had little effect on the function; the other patients had no obvious scar contracture, good flexion and extension of the fingers, and no dysfunction. The finger function was evaluated according to the total range of motion (TAM) system of the Hand Surgery Society of Chinese Medical Association, and excellent results were obtained in 13 cases and good results in 2 cases.@*CONCLUSION@#The neurovascular staghorn flap is a simple and reliable method to repair fingertip defect. The flap has a good fit with the wound without wasting skin. The appearance and function of the finger are satisfactory after operation.

Application of folded transverse superficial epigastric artery perforator flap for large penetrating defect after buccal carcinoma resection / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effectiveness of folded transverse superficial epigastric artery perforator flap in repairing the large penetrating defect after buccal carcinoma resection.@*METHODS@#Between January 2019 and June 2021, 12 patients with buccal squamous cell carcinoma were treated. There were 6 males and 6 females with an average of 66.9 years (range, 53-79 years). The pathological stage was T3a-T4b, and the preoperative mouth opening was (3.08±0.46) cm. The disease duration ranged from 6 to 24 months, with an average of 15 months. After buccal carcinoma radical resection and neck lymph node dissection, the penetrating defects in size of 8 cm×6 cm to 16 cm×8 cm and in depth of 0.5-1.5 cm were remained. The transverse superficial epigastric artery perforator flap in size of 8 cm×6 cm to 14 cm×8 cm were harvested and folded to repair the penetrating defects. The donor site was sutured directly.@*RESULTS@#All 12 skin flaps survived after operation, and the wounds healed by first intention. No internal or external fistula complications occurred. All incisions at the recipient site healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 12-18 months (mean, 14 months). There was no obvious abnormality in the color and texture of the flap, the oral and facial appearances were symmetrical, and there was no obvious swelling in the cheek. At last follow-up, the patient's mouth opening was (2.89±0.33) cm, which was not significantly different from that before operation ( t=1.879, P=0.087). The subjective satisfaction scores of 12 patients were 6-8 points, with an average of 7.3 points. Significant scars remained at the donor site but concealed in location.@*CONCLUSION@#The folded transverse superficial epigastric artery perforator flap can be used as a surgical method for repairing large penetrating defects after the buccal carcinoma resection, with a good recovery of facial appearance and oral function.

Clinical application of Flow-through bridge anterolateral thigh flap in repair of complex calf soft tissue defects / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effectiveness of Flow-through bridge anterolateral thigh flap transplantation in the treatment of complex calf soft tissue defects.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of the patients with complicated calf soft tissue defects, who were treated with Flow-through bridge anterolateral thigh flap (study group, 23 cases) or bridge anterolateral thigh flap (control group, 23 cases) between January 2008 and January 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. All complex calf soft tissue defects in the two groups were caused by trauma or osteomyelitis, and there was only one major blood vessel in the calf or no blood vessel anastomosed with the grafted skin flap. There was no significant difference between the two groups in general data such as gender, age, etiology, size of leg soft tissue defect, and time from injury to operation ( P>0.05). The lower extremity functional scale (LEFS) was used to evaluate the sufferred lower extremity function of the both groups after operation, and the peripheral blood circulation score of the healthy side was evaluated according to the Chinese Medical Association Hand Surgery Society's functional evaluation standard for replantation of amputated limbs. Weber's quantitative method was used to detect static 2-point discrimination (S2PD) to evaluate peripheral sensation of the healthy side, and the popliteal artery flow velocity, toenail capillary filling time, foot temperature, toe blood oxygen saturation of the healthy side, and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#No vascular or nerve injury occurred during operation. All flaps survived, and 1 case of partial flap necrosis occurred in both groups, which healed after free skin grafting. All patients were followed up 6 months to 8 years, with a median time of 26 months. The function of the sufferred limb of the two groups recovered satisfactorily, the blood supply of the flap was good, the texture was soft, and the appearance was fair. The incision in the donor site healed well with a linear scar, and the color of the skin graft area was similar. Only a rectangular scar could be seen in the skin donor area where have a satisfactory appearance. The blood supply of the distal limb of the healthy limb was good, and there was no obvious abnormality in color and skin temperature, and the blood supply of the limb was normal during activity. The popliteal artery flow velocity in the study group was significantly faster than that in the control group at 1 month after the pedicle was cut, and the foot temperature, toe blood oxygen saturation, S2PD, toenail capillary filling time, and peripheral blood circulation score were significantly better than those in the control group ( P<0.05). There were 8 cases of cold feet and 2 cases of numbness on the healthy side in the control group, while only 3 cases of cold feet occurred in the study group. The incidence of complications in the study group (13.04%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (43.47%) ( χ 2=3.860, P=0.049). There was no significant difference in LEFS score between the two groups at 6 months after operation ( P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Flow-through bridge anterolateral thigh flap can reduce postoperative complications of healthy feet and reduce the impact of surgery on blood supply and sensation of healthy feet. It is an effective method for repairing complex calf soft tissue defects.

Versatilidad del colgajo VRAM / Versatility of the VRAM flap

Los defectos extensos de la pared abdominal y de la zona perineal derivados de las resecciones tumorales o posteriores a procesos infecciosos pueden ser resueltos de una manera rápida y sin la ayuda de técnicas microquirúrgicas mediante el colgajo VRAM, una herramienta reconstructiva importante que ha entrado en desuso, pero que sin lugar a dudas es una estrategia que proporciona seguridad para el cirujano plástico en los casos indicados. En nuestro trabajo se describe una serie de casos en los que se utilizó al colgajo VRAM para la reconstrucción de defectos en pared abdominal y la zona perineal; defectos amplios que fueron satisfactoriamente resueltos, en donde se denotan las ventajas que ofrece este colgajo para la resolución de problemas reconstructivos de las áreas anatómicas en cuestión.

Extensive defects of the abdominal wall and perineal area derived from tumor resections or after infectious processes can be resolved quickly and without the help of microsurgical techniques using the VRAM flap, an important reconstructive tool that an important reconstructive tool that that has gone into disuse, but without a doubt it is a strategy that provides security for the plastic surgeon in the indicated cases. In our work, a series of cases are described in which the VRAM flap was used for the reconstruction of defects in the abdominal wall and the perineal area; large defects that were satisfactorily resolved, where the advantages offered by this flap for the resolution of reconstructive problems of the anatomical areas in question are denoted.

Tratamiento quirúrgico de las úlceras por radionecrosis con colgajos músculo y fasciocutáneos / Surgical treatment of radionecrosis ulcers with myocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps

Resumen Introducción: La Ulcera con radionecrosis debe ser resecada ampliamente y reparada con colgajos miocutáneos y fasciocutáneos. Objetivo: Presentar el tratamiento quirúrgico de las úlceras por radionecrosis mediante colgajos Miocutáneos y Fasciocutáneos pediculados y microquirúrgicos. Materiales y Método: La casuística es de 31 pacientes portadores de úlceras por radionecrosis resueltas con colgajos miocutáneos y fasciocutáneos. Ellos han sido pediculados y microquirúrgicos. Las edades fluctuaron entre 30 y 75 años operados entre el 2000 y el 2019. Resultados: Se realizaron 19 colgajos musculares o miocutáneos y 12 fasciocutáneos en diferentes zonas del organismo. Los colgajos correspondieron a: temporal, latissimus dorsi de pedículo central y en reversa, latissimus dorsi microquirúrgicos, recto abdominal, escapular microquirúrgico, para escapular, gracilis, gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, cubital microquirúrgico, fasciocutaneos: cone flap y de rotación local. Las complicaciones fueron dehiscencia de herida operatoria suturada y celulitis tratada con antibióticos. No hubo necrosis completa de los colgajos. El seguimiento fue de 3 a 6 meses. Discusión: En esta serie hemos utilizados los colgajos músculo cutáneos de preferencia, los fasciocutáneos los hemos reservados para aquellos casos en los que por razones anatómicas, de localización de las úlceras, era más adecuado usar estos últimos, como en las lesiones planas o poco profundas. Generalmente los colgajos fueron pediculados y en determinados casos, cuando el tejido vecino de reparación no estaba disponible, realizamos colgajos con microcirugía. Conclusión: El tratamiento de las úlceras por radionecrosis es efectivo cuando se realiza desbridamiento exhaustivo con cobertura inmediata con colgajos musculares o músculocutáneos y fasciocutáneos. Fueron colgajos pediculados y microquirúrgicos.

Introduction: The radionecrosis ulcer have to be widely resected and repaired trough flaps with good blood supply who contibute with oxigen, nutrients and antibiotics. Thinking on this the more suitable flaps are the myocutaneous ones and in special conditions the fasciocutaneous. Aim: The objetive of this paper is to show the surgical treatment of radionecrosis ulcers with myocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps. Materials and Method: Casuistic is 31 patients with radionecrosis ulcers treated with, mainly, myocutaneous flaps and in special areas with fasciocutaneous ones. The majority were pedicle flaps and in less number microsurgical flaps. The age of patients were betwee30 and 75 years old. Results: 19 muscle or myocutaneous flaps and 12 fasciocutaneous flaps were made. Flaps were latissimus dorsi, temporal, escapular, para escapular, rectus abdominis, rectus femoris, gracilis, gatrocnemius, cone flap and local fasciocutaneous flaps. Complications were sutured operative wound dehiscence and cellulitis treated with antibiotics. There were no complete necrosis of any flap. Discusion: In this serie we used muscle or myocutaneous flaps because they give good blood supply, oxigen, nutrients and arrival of antibiotic with filling of the deep ulcers. When the ulcers were shallow we use fasciocutaneous flaps. The majority of our flaps were pedicles and microsurgical flaps were used when there was no near avialable tissue. Conclusion: The treatment have to be wide debridement of the ulcer. The surgical treatment is with myocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps sometimes pediculates and in others conditions microsurgicals.

Clinical effects of free hallux-nail flap combined with the second toe composite tissue flap in the reconstruction of damaged thumb after electrical burns / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of free hallux-nail flap combined with the second toe composite tissue flap in the reconstruction of damaged thumb after electrical burns. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted. From May 2018 to April 2021, 12 male patients with thumb destructive defects caused by electrical burns who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to Zhengzhou First People's Hospital, aged 27 to 58 years, including 10 cases with degree Ⅲ thumb defect and 2 cases with degree Ⅳ thumb defect after thorough debridement. The thumb was reconstructed with free hallux-nail flap combined with composite tissue flap of the second phalangeal bone, joint, and tendon with skin island. The donor site of hallux-nail flap was covered with artificial dermis in the first stage and performed with continuous vacuum sealing drainage, and covered with medium-thickness skin graft from the groin site in the second stage. The donor site in the second toe was filled and fixed with iliac bone strips. The survival of reconstructed thumb was observed 1 week after the reconstruction surgery, the survival of skin graft in the donor site of hallux-nail flap was observed 2 weeks after skin grafting, and the callus formation of the reconstructed thumb phalanx and the second toe of the donor foot was observed by X-ray 6 weeks after the reconstruction surgery. During the follow-up, the shape of reconstructed thumb was observed and the sensory function was evaluated; the function of reconstructed thumb was evaluated with trial standard for the evaluation of the functions of the upper limbs of the Hand Surgery Society of the Chinese Medical Association; whether the interphalangeal joints of the hallux and the second toe were stiff, the scar hyperplasia of the foot donor site, and whether the walking and standing functions of the donor feet were limited were observed. Results: One week after the reconstruction surgery, all the reconstructed thumbs of the patients survived. Two weeks after skin grafting, the skin grafts in the donor site of hallux-nail flap of 11 patients survived, while the skin graft in the donor site of hallux-nail flap of 1 patient was partially necrotic, which was healed completely after 10 days' dressing change. Six weeks after the reconstruction surgery, callus formation was observed in the reconstructed thumb and the second toe of the donor foot of 10 patients, the Kirschner wires were removed; while callus formation of the reconstructed thumb was poor in 2 patients, and the Kirschner wires were removed after 2 weeks of delay. During the follow-up of 6 to 24 months, the shape of reconstructed thumb was similar to that of the healthy thumb, the discrimination distance between the two points of the reconstructed thumb was 7 to 11 mm, and the functional evaluation results were excellent in 4 cases, good in 6 cases, and fair in 2 cases. The interphalangeal joints of the hallux and the second toe of the donor foot were stiff, mild scar hyperplasia was left in the donor site of foot, and the standing and walking functions of the donor foot were not significantly limited. Conclusions: The application of free hallux-nail flap combined with the second toe composite tissue flap in the reconstruction of damaged thumb after electrical burns adopts the concept of reconstruction instead of repair to close the wound. It can restore the shape and function of the damaged thumb without causing great damage to the donor foot.

Colgajo en cometa como tratamiento de secuelas de quemadura en pulgar / Kite flap for correction of thumb deformities after burn

Introducción. Múltiples técnicas han sido descriptas para la reconstitutición de la función del pulgar quemado, aunque sin relación costo-beneficio. El colgajo en cometa, descripto por Foucher en 1979, aporta cobertura cutánea, sensibilidad y permite mejoría funcional. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar nuestra experiencia y resultados utilizando el kite flap. Materiales y métodos. Se realiza un estudio restrospectivo, descriptivo, de 4 casos de secuelas de quemaduras en pulgar de la mano atendidas en el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Reparadora del Hospital de Quemados de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en un periodo comprendido desde el año 2016 al 2019. Se realizan colgajos en cometa en isla o tunelizados y posterior rehabilitación kinésica. El seguimiento mínimo de la serie es de 3 meses y se toman registros fotográficos pre-, intra- y posoperatorios. Las variables analizadas incluyen: sufrimiento de colgajos, dehiscencia, congestión venosa, prendimiento de injertos en zona dadora, reintervenciones y mejoría en la función de abducción del pulgar y pinza de la mano. Resultados. Se realizaron 3 colgajos en cometa tunelizados y 1 en isla. La totalidad se presentaron vitales aunque con congestión venosa en las primeras 72 hs. No se registraron complicaciones y no fueron necesarias reintervenciones. La mejoría en la función de pinza y de abducción del pulgar fue objetivable mediante la observación y referida por los pacientes y/o familiares según correspondiera. Conclusiones. Creemos que el colgajo en cometa es la mejor opción de tratamiento para las secuelas de quemadura en pulgar por aportar adecuada cobertura cutánea, ser técnicamente sencillo y poder hallar el pedículo en el 100% de la población. La congestión venosa es la regla, aunque también la supervivencia, siendo la morbilidad de la zona dadora mínima y la mejoría en la función de pinza y abducción del pulgar francamente objetivable.

Introduction. Multiple techniques have been described for repair the burned thumb function, although without cost-benefit ratio. The kite flap described by Foucher in 1979, provides skin coverage, sensitivity and allows functional improvement. The goal of this study it to present our experience and results obtained using the kite flap Materials and methods. A retrospective, descriptive study of 4 cases of burned hand's thumb treated in the Plastic Surgery Unit of the Hospital de Quemados on Buenos Aires in a three year's period from 2016 to 2019. Island or tunneled's kite flaps and subsequent kinesic rehabilitation are performed. The minimum follow-up of the series is 3 months and fotographic records pre, intra and postoperative are taken. The variables analyzed include: suffering from flaps, dehiscence, venous congestion, grafting losts on the donor zone, reinterventions and improvement in the function of thumb abduction and hand clamp . Results. 3 tunelled kite flaps and 1 on island were made. All of them were vital, although with venous congestion in the first 72 hours. No complications were recorded and no reinterventions were necessary. The improvement in hand clamp function and thumb abduction was marked through observation and when it posible, referred by patients. Conclusions. We believe that kite flap is the best option of treatment for sequelae of burns affecting hand's thumb for providing adequate skin coverage, being technically simple and being able to find the pedicle at 100% of the population. Venous congestion is the rule, although survival is also. Donor zone´s morbidity is minimal and the improvement in thumb function is clear

Impact of the type of anterior lamellar reconstruction on the success of modified Hughes procedure / Impacto do tipo de reconstrução lamelar anterior no sucesso do procedimento de Hughes modificado

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine the long-term functional and cosmetic outcomes in patients who underwent modified Hughes procedure with different types of anterior lamellar reconstruction for lower eyelid defects. Methods: This study included 58 patients who had undergone a modified Hughes flap for reconstruction of lower eyelids after tumor excision within a 10-year period. Data regarding patient demographics, size of eyelid defect, tumor pathology, surgical techniques, functional and cosmetic outcomes, and complications were recorded. Postoperative complications were evaluated according to the type of anterior lamella reconstruction (i.e., advancement flap or free skin graft). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors affecting the success of the procedure. Results: The average size of the lower eyelid defect was 22 ± 6.3 mm (range: 11-30 mm). The anterior lamella was reconstructed with advancement flaps and full-thickness skin grafts in 36 (58.6%) and 24 (41.4%) patients, respectively. Mean follow-up time was 23.6 ± 11.9 months. Postoperative complications included trichiasis (three patients; 5.2%), ectropion (two patients; 3.0%), flap necrosis (one patient; 1.7%), flap dehiscence (one patient; 1.7%), infection (one patient; 1.7%), and eyelid margin erythema (one patient; 1.7%). The rates of complication and secondary surgery were similar among the different types of anterior lamellar reconstruction (p=768 and p=0.139, respectively). Success of the modified Hughes procedure was not significantly affected by any of the identified risk factors (p>0.05). Functional and cosmetic outcomes were 96.6% and 94.8%, respectively. Conclusion: Modified Hughes procedure is a safe and effective option for the reconstruction of small and large defects of the lower eyelid, regardless of the type of anterior lamella reconstruction (i.e., advancement flap or skin graft).

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar os resultados funcionais e cosméticos a longo prazo de pacientes submetidos ao procedimento de Hughes modificado com diferentes tipos de reconstrução lamelar anterior para defeitos palpebrais inferiores. Métodos: Este estudo incluiu 58 pacientes que foram submetidos a um retalho de Hughes modificado para reconstrução das pálpebras inferiores após excisão do tumor durante um intervalo de 10 anos. Dados referentes à demografia dos pacientes, tamanho do defeito palpebral, patologia tumoral, técnicas cirúrgicas, resultados funcionais e cosméticos e complicações foram registrados. As complicações pós-operatórias foram avaliadas de acordo com o tipo de reconstrução da lamela anterior (ou seja, retalho de avanço ou enxerto de pele livre). A análise de regressão logística multivariada foi realizada para identificar os fatores de risco que afetam o sucesso do procedimento. Resultados: O tamanho médio do defeito da pálpebra inferior foi de 22 ± 6,3 mm (11-30 mm). A lamela anterior foi reconstruída com retalhos de avanço e enxertos de pele de espessura total em 36 (58,6%) e 24 (41,4%) pacientes, respectivamente. O tempo médio de acompanhamento foi de 23,6 ± 11,9 meses. Complicações pós-operatórias incluíram triquíase (três pacientes: 5,2%), ectrópio (dois pacientes: 3%), necrose de retalho (um paciente: 1,7%), deiscência de retalho (um paciente: 1,7%), infecção (um paciente: 1,7%) e eritema na margem palpebral (um paciente: 1,7%). As taxas de complicação e de cirurgia secundária foram semelhantes entre os diferentes tipos de reconstrução lamelar anterior (p=768 e p=0,139, respetivamente). O sucesso do procedimento de Hughes modificado não foi significativamente afetado por nenhum dos fatores de risco identificados (p>0,05). Resultados funcionais e cosméticos foram de 96,6% e 94,8%, respetivamente. Conclusão: O procedimento de Hughes modificado é uma opção segura e eficaz para a reconstrução de pequenos e grandes defeitos da pálpebra inferior, independentemente do tipo de reconstrução da lamela anterior (ou seja, retalho de avanço ou enxerto de pele).

Dermal regeneration template: a new option for the repair of a large surgical defect after mohs surgery in epidermolysis bullosa

La epidermólisis ampollar es un raro trastorno hereditario caracterizado por fragilidad cutánea, formación de ampollas mucocutáneas recurrentes luego de un traumatismo mínimo y cicatrización deficiente de heridas. Además, algunas variantes se han asociado con la aparición de carcinomas espinocelulares. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente con epidermólisis ampollar, que presentó un extenso carcinoma espinocelular localizado en cara posterior de brazo. Este fue tratado con cirugía micrográfica de Mohs y el defecto quirúrgico resultante fue reparado aplicando una matriz de regeneración dérmica sobre la herida durante un mes. Posteriormente continuamos con curaciones y ungüento antibiótico sobre la herida dos veces al día, completando la cicatrización con un excelente resultado cosmético y funcional. Enfatizamos en el carácter novedoso de esta opción terapéutica y en su utilidad en pacientes con epidermólisis ampollar.

Epidermolysis bullosa is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by skin fragility, recurrent mucocutaneous blisters following minimal trauma, and compromised wound healing. Moreover, some variants have been associated with squamous cell carcinoma. Following, we present the clinical case of a patient with epidermolysis bullosa, who presented a large squamous cell carcinoma of the arm. It was resected using Mohs micrographic surgery, and the final defect was repaired by applying a dermal regeneration template over the wound for a month. After this period, we continued using cures and antibiotic ointment over the wound twice a day, and healing was completed with excellent cosmetic and functional results. We emphasize the novelty of this therapeutic option, and its usefulness in patients with epidermolysis bullosa.

Xantogranuloma juvenil gigante: acometimento palpebral difuso e simultâneo / Giant Juvenile Xanthogranuloma: diffuse and simultaneous palpebral involvement

O xantogranuloma juvenil (XGJ) é um tumor benigno e o mais comum do grupo das doenças histiocitárias proliferativas nãoLangerhans. Lesões; 2cm são consideradas XGJ gigantes, com relatos de lesões de até 18cm. Lesões oculopalpebrais podem necessitar de tratamento cirúrgico para controle de sintomas. Esse trabalho relata o caso de um menino de 8 anos que teve as 4 pálpebras acometidas por XGJ gigantes, além do terço médio. Ele foi submetido a 3 ressecções, sendo uma bastante profunda, necessitando enxerto de pele de espessura total diretamente sobre o músculo levantador da pálpebra superior. Posteriormente, 3 procedimentos de lipoenxertia foram realizados, atingindo resultado funcional e estético adequado, sem recorrência lesional.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is the most common benign tumor of the group of non-Langerhans histiocytic proliferative diseases. Lesions >2 cm are considered giant JXG, with reports of lesions of up to 18 cm. Oculopalpebral lesions may require surgical treatment to control symptoms. This study reports a case of an 8-year-old boy who had four eyelids and the middle third of the face affected by giant JXG. He underwent three resections, one of which was of great depth that required a full-thickness skin graft directly on the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Subsequently, four fat-grafting procedures were performed and adequate functional and

Penile skin flap: a versatile substitute for anterior urethral stricture

ABSTRACT Purpose Penile skin flap uretroplasty is a useful technique for a long urethral stricture due to the ample length and surgical handling characteristics. We investigated the surgical technique and initial results of uretroplasty for anterior urethral strictures using a dorsal penile skin flap. Patients and methods From January 2003 to January 2018, a total of 77 patients underwent substitution urethroplasty using dorsal penile skin flap for bulbar urethral strictures in our institution. All patients were assessed preoperatively, and followed postoperatively by physical examination, urinalysis, retrograde and voiding urethrography, uroflowmetry and post-void residual urine measurement. Success was defined as no requirement of additional urethral instrumentation. Results The mean age was 45 years (10-87). The mean stricture length was 5cm (3-10cm). The mean flap length was 6cm. Urinary fistula was the most common postoperative complication. The mean follow-up was 60 months (6-120). The overall success rate was 88%. Recurrent strictures were found in 4 patients (5%) at 1 year. At 3 year follow-up, 5 (7%) more patients had recurrences. All recurrences were managed by internal urethrotomy. Conclusions Substitution urethroplasty using penile skin flap appear to be a safe and efficient technique for the treatment of a long and complex anterior urethral stricture. It provides encouraging cosmetic and functional results.

Uso de dermis artificial (Integra®) en reparación de lesiones traumáticas extensas de cuero cabelludo / Use of artificial dermis (INTEGRA®) in repair of extensive traumatic scalp injuries

Resumen Objetivo: Presentar 4 casos clínicos en los cuales el uso de dermis artificial Integra® resultó ser una solución segura y confiable para defectos de cuero cabelludo. Materiales y Método: Revisión de fichas clínicas de pacientes ingresados al Departamento de Cirugía Plástica y Quemados del Hospital del Trabajador de Santiago con diagnóstico de lesión traumática extensa de cuero cabelludo entre los años 2005-2013 que se resolvieron con uso de Integra®. Resultados: 4 pacientes de sexo femenino con lesión traumática que comprometían entre 70-98% de la superficie de cuero cabelludo, tiempo promedio entre aplicación de Integra® e injerto dermoepidérmico fue 18 días con 100% de cobertura; solo hubo complicaciones menores (ulceración crónica de vertex y dolor neuropático). El tiempo promedio de alta laboral fue 368 días, usando órtesis capilar. Discusión: La cobertura inmediata del tejido es fundamental para la reconstrucción exitosa del cuero cabelludo. Aparte del tejido autólogo, la dermis artificial constituye una alternativa para la reconstrucción rápida del cuero cabelludo con excelentes resultados. Conclusiones: Integra® es una solución segura y confiable para reconstruir defectos complejos del cuero cabelludo.

Aim: To present 4 clinical cases in which the use of artificial dermis (Integra®) turned out to be a safe and reliable solution for scalp defects. Materials and Method: review of clinical records of patients admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns of the Hospital of the Worker of Santiago with a diagnosis of extensive traumatic injury of the scalp between the years 2005-2013 that were resolved with use of Integra®. Results: 4 female patients with traumatic injury that compromised between 70-95% of the surface of scalp, average time between application of integra and dermoepidermal graft was 18 days with 100% coverage; there were only minor complications (chronic vertex ulceration and neuropathic pain). The average time of high labor was 368 days, using capillary orthosis. Discussion: The immediate coverage of the tissue is essential for the successful reconstruction of the scalp. Apart from autologous tissue, the artificial dermis is an alternative for rapid reconstruction of the scalp with excellent results. Conclusions: Integra is a safe and reliable solution to reconstruct complex defects of the scalp.

Reconstrucción de miembros inferiores por quemadura eléctrica evolucionada con colgajo sural bilateral / Lower limb reconstruction after electrical burn evolved with bilateral sural flap

Describimos un enfoque simple y rápido para elevar colgajos fasciocutáneos surales y mostramos sus aplicaciones clínicas. El colgajo se elevó con fascia y manguito de tejido celular subcutáneo sobre piel. El pedículo distal se diseccionó hasta 5 cm sobre maléolo lateral, El sitio donante se injertó. Los defectos fueron resultado de lesiones por quemaduras eléctricas del tercio distal de la pierna más exposición osteotendinosa.

We describe an easy and fast process to raise sural fasciocutaneous flaps and show its applications.The flap was raised with fascia and a sleeve of subcutaneous cellular tissue. The distal pedicle was dissected up to 5 cm over the lateral malleolus. Then the donor site was grafted. The defects were results of electrical burns of the distal third of the leg plus osteotendinous exposure.

Xenoenxerto (pele da Tilápia-do-Nilo) e hidrofibra com prata no tratamento das queimaduras de II grau em adultos / Nile tilapia skin xenograft versus silver-based hydrofiber dressing in the treatment of second-degree burns in adults

Introdução: Estudos recentes apontam a utilização do curativo biológico com base em animais aquáticos como biomaterial na medicina regenerativa, apresentando boa aderência ao leito das feridas. O objetivo foi avaliar a eficácia da utilização da pele da Tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) como curativo biológico oclusivo, no manejo/tratamento de queimaduras de 2º grau em adultos. Métodos: Estudo clínico com 30 pacientes aleatoriamente tratados com pele da Tilápia-do-Nilo (n = 15) e hidrofibra com prata Aquacel Ag® (n =1 5). Resultados: Em relação à duração, o tratamento com a pele da Tilápiado-Nilo obteve uma média de dias de tratamento (9,6 ± 2,4) similar ao material comparativo (10,7 ± 4,5). Quanto ao relato de dor durante a troca de curativos, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante (p > 0,68) entre os grupos. Após a troca do curativo, não houve inferioridade no registro do valor na escala analógica de dor, em que 66,7% dos tratados com pele da Tilápia-do-Nilo relataram diminuição dos eventos álgicos. Constatou-se ainda que 60% dos pacientes tratados com a pele da Tilápia-do-Nilo não tiveram seus curativos substituídos em qualquer momento do tratamento. Para o curativo Aquacel AG®, 53,3% dos pacientes tiveram mais de uma substituição de curativos. Conclusões: Com base na pesquisa, pode-se concluir que a pele da Tilápia-do-Nilo é eficaz como curativo biológico oclusivo. Houve similaridade entre os grupos para a média de dias de tratamento (completa cicatrização da ferida) e para o relato de dor durante a realização do curativo. Também, a não inferioridade relacionada a dor após os curativos e suas trocas (quando existentes) e na quantidade de substituições destes.

Introduction: Recent studies have suggested the use of biological dressings made of aquatic animals as biomaterials in regenerative medicine since they demonstrate good adherence to the wound bed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Nile tilapia skin (Oreochromis niloticus) as an occlusive biological dressing in the management and treatment of second-degree burns in adults. Methods: This clinical study included 30 patients randomly treated with Nile tilapia skin (n = 15) or Aquacel Ag® silver-based hydrofiber dressing (n = 15). Results: The Nile tilapia skin yielded a similar mean treatment time (9.6 ± 2.4 days) to that of the comparative material (10.7 ± 4.5 days). There was no statistically significant intergroup difference (p > 0.68) in pain during dressing changes. No disadvantage in pain was noted, as 66.7% of patients treated with Nile Tilapia skin reported a decrease in pain events. Moreover, 60% of the patients treated with the Nile Tilapia skin did not require dressing replacement at any time during treatment. For the Aquacel AG® dressing, 53.3% of the patients required more than one dressing replacement. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the Nile tilapia skin is as effective as an occlusive biological dressing. The average treatment time (complete wound healing) and pain reports during dressing changes were similar between groups. Furthermore, pain after and number of dressing exchanges (when performed) were not worse.